While the factual origin of the hairless dog has not been definitively established, it is believed that the Chinese Crested and other hairless dogs shared a common ancestry. However, the Chinese Crested is an ancient breed, dating as far back as the 1500's. Allegedly, early Chinese explorers and traders took these dogs with them on their ships and they frequently sold or traded the dogs with people met along the way. As a result, Cresteds have been found in port cities wherever Chinese ships have visited.

Spanish explorers found Chinese Cresteds in Mexico and other parts of Central and South America. British and French explorers also found the breed in various parts of Africa and Asia during the 1800's. By the mid-19th Century, pictures of Cresteds began to appear in numerous European paintings and prints.

There are two types of Chinese Crested; the Hairless, and a coated-type, called a Powderpuff. They are shown together, and are judged by the same standard, noting the different characteristics for the Powderpuff dealing with coat and with dentition. Legend has it that the Powderpuff was designed by Nature to help keep the newborn Hairless puppies warm. With the advent of organized dog shows in the 1800's, it was not too long until Cresteds began appearing in competition.

Although rather rare, they have been seen at shows in various countries around the world for the major part of this century. Today, there are numerous Crested Clubs throughout the world. The breed is recognized by many kennel clubs and is seen in increasing numbers. Their registration in the UK was in 1881 but they did not make an appearance in the US until 1960.